Health Management is the organizational plan for, and more or less complex corporate and social policies for the purpose of maintaining and increasing the health of the population.
Basics
Health management involves a variety of tasks and functions to organize health, particularly in the form of health promotion. It is rooted in a biopsychosocial understanding of health. The goal is to strengthen health management processes such as the demand-supply. Implemented health management in health and social institutions, such as the self-help group on welfare up to the institutions of health, accident and pension insurance, known as Social Security. Second, tasks are referred to as the planning, organization, control, regulation and evaluation of health-related services.
Methodology is a cross-sectional health management specialist, integrates several disciplines such as social medicine, health economics, medical law and medical sociology and is systematically to the health sciences, particularly in the expression of "New Public Health". In the context of the health goals of the World Health Organization (WHO) health management is a strategic approach of "health for all". As health management of this health approach has received a scientific and practical development.
Management approaches
Schwartz and Wismar speak of four basic orientations of management, they are rooted in the concept of goal-oriented management (management by objectives):
population-or community-based
provider-oriented
patient, client and consumer-oriented
system-oriented
Population-or community-based
This is a "classic European access to the organization of health care" on the background of the idea of a population-based care. In the UK, it should be mentioned as an example the National Health Service, in Germany the statutory health insurance with a degree of about 89%. Traditionally, local or regional references are also found in Sweden.
Provider-oriented
Provider oriented management concepts relating to the material requirements planning and ensuring the supply side, for example by hospitals and other health facilities, human resources management with the question of the function and the management of manpower in health institutions and technology planning. Distinction is made between an instrumental and physical health needs. The instrumental requirements relating to funds available for treatment, such as outpatient care, inpatient care, beds or doctors. The real need is more strained as the benefits include health promotion in the workplace (WHP) or in schools, traffic calming, environmental or social worker in medical practices.
Patient and consumer-oriented
To define patients' needs consistently is difficult because it involves subjective patient needs. However, in general it can be stated that the need is seen that patients have the ability to enforce their rights. The patient orientation, as Schwartz and Wismar is in German literature in health management - unlike in the U.S. - only at the beginning. International patient orientation is discussed on three levels:
Patient-Oriented Management of Quality
Management of service
Consumerism approach
At the heart of a patient Orient management of health-related quality are the "customer" requirements, (TQM) are discussed as under the total quality management approach. Management of health care services analyzed as part of a service economy. Consumerism approach is based on the discussion of a controversial consumer sovereignty of the patient, since the choice between various healthcare services are subject to significant restrictions.
System-oriented
The background for this view is the combination of a growing supply needs with increasing financial problems. In this context, this is interpreted as "system-dependent control problem in health care." This funding guide has won in most industrial society health importance. Also at the system level can be observed "outcome-oriented objective discussion" one. It is based on the actual health outcomes of patients and populations.
Qualifications
The core competencies relate firstly to the analysis of historical, sociological and economic dimensions of health protection. Here, the social security, including conflict wins in this system is of great importance. Other core competencies include social secondly the ability to know about the interests and problems of health-related services. Because the justification and evaluation of future options for systemic and economic organization of health services is an important objective.
In addition to the core competencies of other skills ("skills"):
conceptual and organizational skills
social skills in the management of personal services
Control personnel and business management processes
Knowledge of the legal bases
Courses and Degrees
Degrees or professional titles in healthcare management are usually purchased as an additional qualification, rarely are undergraduate courses. Often, an economics graduate is to accompany the medical profession. The final takes place depending on the scope or level of education with a certificate or a degree. University of Applied Sciences Bamberg - Private College of Health Studies and Degrees in German speaking countries (selection), (Academic degree in brackets:
Executive MBA Healthcare Management. at the SRH University Berlin, (Master of Business Administration)
Health management. at the College of Business and Technology eels (Bachelor of Science, Master of Arts)
Health management. at the University of Bamberg Health, (Bachelor of Science)
Health management. at the Center for Distance Learning and Continuing Education (ZFUW) at the University of Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau (-occupational University certificate course on "Health Manager (univ) ')
Health Economics. on the APOLLON University of the Health Economics (part-time for a Bachelor and Master of Arts)
Social and Health Management at the University of Emden / Leer, (Bachelor of Arts)
Executive MBA Healthcare Management. at the Munich Business School (MBA)
Business for doctors. at the University of Ulm (Master of Business Administration)
Business Administration in Health Care. at the Neu-Ulm University (Bachelor of Arts)
Healthcare Management. at the University of Salzburg Business School (Executive Master of Business Administration)
Public Health. at the University of Lüneburg (Master of Public Health)
Health management. - At the Fachhochschule Kärnten (Master of Arts)
Health management. at the School of Health and Sport in Berlin (Master of Business Administration)
Management in the social and health sector. at the Lucerne University (Master of Science)
Management in health care and health promotion. at the Center for Science and education of Fachhochschule Vorarlberg (Master of Public Health)
Management of health and social services. on Distance and International Studies Center University of Kaiserslautern (MA)
Healthcare Management. over Bayern Innovative GmbH in Deggendorf University (Master of Business Administration)
Healthcare Management. at the Fachhochschule Lübeck (Master of Business Administration)
Medical Devices & Healthcare Management. at the International Business School Tuttlingen (Master of Business Administration)
Health management. at the Institute for Continuing Education of the University of Ingolstadt (Master of Business Administration)
Health management. at the Fachhochschule Osnabrück (Master of Business Administration)
Healthcare Management. GmbH at the Dresden International University (Master of Business Administration)
Healthcare Management. at the Campus Academy (FOR-MED GmbH) at the University of Bayreuth (Master of Business Administration)
Distance-learning program (focus on health and social economy). at the Centre for Distance Education at colleges in Remagen (Master of Business Administration)
Part-time distance study program health management. at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Master of Health Business Administration, MHBA)
Health management. at the Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Mosbach (Bachelor of Arts)
Health management. at the University of Wuppertal (Bachelor of Science, planned: Master of Science) as part of the UW Centre of Excellence for Health Management and Public Health
Also, the Institute mibeg Medicine in Cologne (in cooperation with the North Rhine Medical Association), Hannover Medical School, the University of Heidelberg, the University of Koblenz-Landau or the APOLLON University of the Health Economy have relevant training available.
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